Types Of Network

Types Of Network

January 20, 2022

By the way, there are many types of computer networks. They have been divided according to their size, geographic area and how many computers can live in a network. Starting from a small room, a network can connect computers from all over the world.

So let's know the Types of Network

There are generally 3 types of networks LAN, MAN and WAN. Even after leaving these, there are others like PAN, HAN.

1. What is Personal Area Network (PAN)

This network is also called PAN. This is a small network that has its limits inside a house. For example, in a building, one or more computers reside in PAN. Along with this telephone, video game and some other devices are connected.

2. What is Home Area Network (HAN)

If some people in the same residence are using the same network, then we can call it Home Area Network. It is also called HAN. It usually has internet connection from WIRE. Which is connected to a modem. This modem provides both connections means wire and wireless. You can do all these things in this network. WIFI is also a Home Area Network.

• You can take out the print of the document by sitting in any corner of the house.
• You can also upload and download photos
• Along with online video sharing, you can also do video streaming.
• There is not much difference between PAN and HAN.

3. What is a Local Area Network (LAN)

Local Area Network means LAN. You will find this network everywhere like office, college, school, business organization. This network is used for resource sharing, data storage, document printing. To make this, not much hardware is required, just a hub, switch, network adapter, router and Ethernet cable are needed.

The smallest LAN can be made of only two computers. We can connect 1000 computers in a LAN. Mostly LAN is used in wire connection. But nowadays it is also being used in wireless. The speciality of this network is its speed, low cost and security. Ethernet cable is used in this.

This network is special for document sharing and printing in an office. What happens in document sharing? There is a central server where all the files are kept. Any employee can access the file without going there.

If anyone has to print also, he can print using the central printer. This is the advantage of LAN. This is called resource sharing.

If a local area network is wireless then it is called wireless LAN.

Advantage

• Its distance is limited in the small geographical area
• Used in a home, office and college.
• Its ownership is private
• This network can be created easily
• The data transmission speed of this network is high

4. What is Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

You can also speak Metropolitan Area Network or MAN. This is a network connecting an entire city. This network connects all the small and big colleges, schools, government offices in a city. MAN is a bigger network than LAN.

MAN covers from 10KM to 100KM. It is used to make a big network by connecting many LANs together.

If such networks are used in a college campus, then it is called a campus area network. The best example of this is the cable TV network. MAN is used to connect LAN to LAN. Any big business organization becomes its own MAN. Through which he can connect his different branches.

Advantage

• Its distance is limited in large geographical areas like towns, cities.
• Its ownership is public and private.
• Installing this network costs more than LAN.
• The data transmission speed is moderate.

5. Wide Area Network (What is WAN)

The network that comes after LAN and MAN is the Wide Area Network. By the way, this is the largest network that keeps computers from all over the world connected. It is also called WAN. Wide area network is called LAN of LANs.

The specialty of this network is that it has low DATA rate, but covers more distance. The best example of Wide Area Network is Internet.

There are two types of WAN 1. Enterprise WAN and 2. Global WAN. Computers connected to a wide area network mostly use public networks such as telephone lines, leased lines and satellites. The largest WAN is the Internet.

By the way, there are many Wide Area Networks. Like public packet networks, Large Corporate networks, Military networks, Banking networks, Railway reservation networks and finally Airline Reservation networks.

The company providing network facilities through WAN is called Network Service Provider. They are called the core of the Internet. WAN is said to be the most expensive network. Because some such technology is used in it. Such as SONET, Frame Relay and ATM.

Advantage

• A large geographical area like two countries in Apsa can connect with this network.
• Its ownership is public and private.

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Types Of Network Cable

Types Of Network Cable

January 20, 2022

So if you want to know about Types Of Cable In Hindi then you can read this post completely, and if you understand then you can share it with your friends.

Types Of Network Cable

1. Twisted Pair Cable

It consists of two copper wires, which are coated with a layer of plastic or Teflon bad conductors, these wires are wrapped together and form a balanced medium, which reduces the noise in the cable. It is capable of carrying signals over long distances (1 kilometre) without a repeater. Image result for twisted pair cable

2. Co-axial Cable

In this, the conductor is wired around the central solid conductor, which is also called a shield and there is a plastic misconductor between the two. The wire mesh is also covered with a bad conductor. Signals are transmitted through the central solid wire while the sealed earth is connected. In this, the loss of signals is relatively less. Its bandwidth is high and it can carry signals over a long distance. It is also used in cable TV networks.

Co-axial cable can have a bandwidth of up to 10 Mbps. Therefore, Internet service can be provided through cable TV, using a cable modem, along with watching TV broadcasts, Internet service can be used.

3. Fiber Optics Cable

An optical fiber cable consists of a fiber made of glass plastic or silica that carries light signals from one place to another containing signals generated by an LED or laser diode. The photodiode is used to convert light back into signals. It works on the basis of total internal reflection of light, its transmission energy consumption is extremely low. It is free from radio frequency barriers. So there is no need for a repeater or amplifier with it. Optical Fiber Cable is the most widely used data transfer.

For this reason, a modem does not have to be used with optical fibre:

• Time-division multiplexing is used for data transfer in optical fiber.
• In this, the noise is very low, the bandwidth is high, the speed and the loss of signals are minimal.
• It costs more to install and maintain when used for long-distance communication.
• Optical fiber by FTTH (fibre to the home) Internet Service Provider
• FTTH has a provision to provide high-speed broadband internet facility using cable
• In this, the optical fiber cable is delivered to the user's home or office.
• With this, internet service with a speed of 100 Mbps can be obtained.

4. Microwave

In the microwave, communication is established with electromagnetic waves of high frequency 2 to 40 GHz. Due to the high frequency, it uses a parabolic antenna of short length. Because high-frequency waves cannot cross an obstacle, the antennae of both are in a straight line (line-of-sight). Because of this, a repeater has to be installed between 25 to 30 kilometres from the microwave. Television programs are broadcast through this medium.

5. Communication Satellite

Artificial communication satellite provides a better means of communication for phones, TVs and computers, it is capable of providing communication in remote areas and any corner of the world. Communication satellite works on two forms –

In this, 6 or 14 GHz (Frequency) is sent towards the satellite. The transponder on the satellite amplifies it and sends it back at a frequency of 4 or 11 GHz.

A geosynchronous satellite is used for communication systems. A geostationary satellite is installed at a distance of 36000 km from the earth's surface at the equator. The speed of the satellite in orbit is proportional to the rotation speed of the earth, relative to any point on the earth that always appears to be at the same place. To make satellite communication easier, the size of the antenna was shortened (1 to 2 m) which was called VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal).

6. Ethernet Cable

Network devices such as modems, telephones, routers, etc. are connected to each other through Ethernet cables. It uses Internet Protocol. With its help, a local network (LAN) can be created. An Ethernet cable works up to 100 meters but cannot be connected to a network.

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History of Optical Fiber

History of Optical Fiber

January 20, 2022

It was the time of 1870 when the scientist John Tyndall was passing a ray of light through the water when he dropped a ray of light into the water falling from wicker. Then it was observed that the light ray also bends in the same direction where the water falls.

At that time, he had no idea that this small invention of his was going to change the whole world in the future. Over time, many experiments have been done on this subject. John Logie Baird and Clarence W. of America in 1920 when they were inventing modern TV. Then he got the idea to show the images using transparent rods. His idea changed the direction of the optical fiber itself.

Now scientists started thinking about it in a new way. In 1960, the term fiber optics was used for the first time by the Indian-origin scientist Dr Narendra Singh. In 1970 Corning Glass Works developed a bundle of optical fiber cables. Gradually, there was a lot of improvement in optical fiber.

After many experiments, the data transmission range increased from 5km to 10km and then to 50-100km. Today the scope of optical fiber has been established so much that it has covered the whole world.

Structure of Optical Fiber

The thickness of optical fiber cable is almost equal to the thickness of our hair. Now you will be surprised to know that despite being so thin, they transfer about 100 GB/second of data.

It is only made of glass or plastic, due to which it is very weak, for its protection, we give it about 8 layers of security.

Its outermost layer is made of polymer which acts as water protection. Then the subsequent layer is made of steel which gives it strength. Now this process is repeated two to three times. Due to this it becomes highly protected. Now, these cables are laid in the sea with the help of machines.

Through these cables, the data of the whole world is transferred. Or it would not be wrong to say that the Internet of the whole world runs on these cables.

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Difference Between Optical Fiber and Coaxial Cable

Difference Between Optical Fiber and Coaxial Cable

January 05, 2022

Computers and other electronic devices transmit data from one device to another using transmission media in the form of a signal. Transmission media can be basically of two types as Guided and Unguided Media.

In Unguided Media, data is transmitted wirelessly through electromagnetic waves without any physical wire, whereas in Guided Media, a physical medium means cables are required to transmit information in the network.

Three types of cables are used in Guided Media Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and Fiber-optic cable In this post we will learn about the difference between Fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable.

Talking about the main difference between fibre-optic cable and coaxial cable, optical fibre cable transfers signals in the form of light from one device to another device whereas a coaxial cable transmits signals in electrical form.

What is Optical Fiber Cable?

As I told you above that optical fibre is a type of guided media. It is made of glass, silica and plastic and signals are transmitted in the form of light in this cable. Optical fibre uses the principle of internal reflection to guide light through the channel.

Usually, optical fibre cables are used to transfer data over long distances with high performance as compared to wired copper cables, fiber optic cables provide higher bandwidth and transmit data over longer distances. In today's time, the use of the internet is possible only through fibre optic cable, through this only one country is connected to another country.

What is Coaxial Cable?

Coaxial cable is also a type of transmission media commonly used for audio/video communication. This cable has high bandwidth and high transmission capacity. Coaxial cable is most commonly used to connect the TV to DTH service.

However, these cables are also used in computer networking and allow a broadband cable Internet connection using a cable modem. Both analogue and digital signals can be transmitted via coaxial cable.

What is the difference between Optical Fiber Cable and Coaxial Cable?

So far above we have know that what is Optical Fiber Cable and Coaxial Cable, if you have read all the above things carefully then you must have come to know about the difference between Optical Fiber Cable and Coaxial Cable.

If you still have any confusion between what is Optical Fiber Cable and Coaxial Cable and what is the difference between them, then now we are going to tell you some important differences between them below.

OPTICAL FIBE

1. In optical fiber cable the signal is transmitted in the form of light.

2. Optical fiber cable is made of plastic and glass.

3. Optical fiber cable is quite efficient.

4. This cable is very expensive.

5. Optical fiber cable is very light in weight.

6. The diameter of optical fiber is small.

7. Installing and implementing optical fiber cables is quite difficult.

8. Noise is low in optical fiber.

9. There is no effect on this cable due to the external magnetic field.

COAXIAL CABLE

1. Signals in Coaxial Cable are transmitted in electrical form.

2. Coaxial cable is made of plastic, copper wires etc.

3. Coaxial cable is less efficient.

4. These cables are cheap.

5. This cable is heavy in weight.

6. The diameter of the coaxial cable is larger than that of optical fiber.

7. Coaxial cable is fairly easy to install and implement.

8. It has a slight noise problem.

9. This cable is affected by an external magnetic field.

Conclusion

In today's post, we have learned the Difference Between Optical Fiber and Coaxial Cable, what is the difference between Fiber and Coaxial Cable and along with this, we also understood well what happens to Fiber and Coaxial Cable.

Optical fibre is more efficient than coaxial cable in terms of data transmission speed, interference resistance, dimensions, bandwidth and noise etc., but the coaxial cable is much cheaper and easier to install and implement.

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Types Of Optical Fiber Cable

Types Of Optical Fiber Cable

January 05, 2022

Mainly two types of optical fibre cables are used which are as follows.

Single-Mode Fiber (SMF): - Single-Mode Fiber is also called Less Reflection Mode, because the diameter of its core is very less, due to which data is shared by a single ray of light. In this, having less reflection than other modes, the data is capable to travel for a long distance, and at the same time, the amount of data loss is also very less.

Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF): - In Multi-Mode Fiber, the diameter of the core is large, due to which many data lights can travel in it simultaneously, and due to the large diameter, the reflection is also high. In this data loss is more reasonable than in single mode, that is, it is used for short distances.

Advantage Of Optical Fiber

High Bandwidth: - The data transmission speed of optical fibre is much higher than that of copper cable, due to which a large amount of data is transmitted in a very short time.

Security: - Optical fibre is more secure than metal cable, because it has more security layers, and data is also transferred in the form of light. Due to which it is not so easy to tamper with the data, that is, it is a more secure way of data transmission.

Low Power Loss: - Power loss in optical fibre is negligible, due to which data is transmitted over long distances, and the speed of data also remains the same.

Electronic Isolation: - There is no risk of electrical short circuits in optical fibre as compared to copper cable because its parts are made of silica glass and plastic, which keeps it away from electrical hazards.

Disadvantage Of Optical Fiber

Expensive Cost: - Optical fibre cable is more expensive than metal cable, and the equipment used in its connection is also expensive compared to others.

Splicing Issue: - If ever a joint is to be installed or repaired between the wires, then it becomes very difficult, and for this Splicing Machine is used.

Expensive Installation: - Along with the equipment of optical fibre, its installation is also very expensive, and it requires trained people.

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What is optical fiber?

What is optical fiber?

January 04, 2022

Do you know, what is Optical Fiber, Fiber Optic Cable In Hindi, in this post you will get complete information about optical fibre, optical fibre or fibre optical are both the same, it is known by both names.

All the internet or telecom service we use, behind them, all is High-Speed ​​Optical Fiber Cable, it is in a way the spine of any network.

Optical fibre is used for high-speed data transmission, and its design and technology are after such fast data transmission speed.

It is a thin and flexible wire, which is made of silica glass or plastic, that is, there are many small and thin wires inside it, through which data is transmitted, and the diameter of each of its fibres is about one person. A little thicker than her hair.

If we talk about the structure of Fiber Optical Cable, then it has many layers, its innermost part in which the data flows, it is made of silica glass or plastic, it is called core.

Its top part is called Cladding, it is also made of silica material, and there is a plastic layer and Kevlar on it, and then the top part is called Outer Jacket.

That is, the layer after cladding increases the security of the optical fibre, in which different fibre cables can be selected according to the need. For example, if it is laid underwater, underground or in poles, in the same way, its security layers are also changed, and this cable is available for every situation.

Where data communication in any copper cable appears in the form of electronic pulses, in optical fibre data transmission occurs in the form of light pulses, that is, when the data in the core surface travels in the form of light.

So its outer layer reflects the cladding light so that the light does not go out of the cladding layer and keeps on moving, and up to a certain distance like about 100 Km, the transmission of data remains very fast, and after that, the signal Amplifiers are installed in the middle to hold the capacity, so that the speed of data transmission remains the same.

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